Technical description of ceramic sanitary ware tunnel kiln The tunnel kiln started in 1765. At that time, it could only burn the overglaze of ceramics. In 1810, there were some that could be used to burn bricks or pottery. From 1906, it was used to burn porcelain tires. At first the famous tunnel kiln was of the Fuquilen style. After 1910, there were gradually many improvements. The tunnel kiln is generally a long linear tunnel with fixed walls and vaults on both sides and at the top, and a kiln car running on the track laid at the bottom. The combustion equipment is located on both sides of the middle part of the tunnel kiln, forming a fixed high-temperature zone---firing zone. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion flows along the tunnel toward the kiln head under the action of the chimney or induced draft fan at the front of the tunnel kiln. At the same time, the products entering the kiln are gradually preheated, and this section constitutes the preheating zone of the tunnel kiln. Cool air is blown into the end of the tunnel kiln to cool the products in the latter section of the tunnel kiln. After the cold air blows through the products and is heated, it is then pumped out and sent to the dryer as the heat source for drying the green body. This section constitutes the tunnel. The cooling zone of the kiln. Place the sagger filled with ceramic products on the trolley, and push it in continuously from the entrance of the preheating zone (usually pushed in by hydraulic jacking machines), and the trolley carrying the finished products is driven by a cooling belt. The exit is gradually pushed out (approximately 10-15 minutes, push out a car). The length of the ceramic tunnel kiln is generally 60-120m. The width is 2.0-3.5m; the daily output ranges from 400,000 pieces to 1.1 million pieces; the kiln body is made of metal frame and refractory insulation material masonry through strict craftsmanship. The metal frame is a prefabricated unit structure, which is welded with high-quality special-shaped square tube steel and profiles. The surface of the kiln is inlaid with painted decorative steel plates. The structure is firm, suitable and beautiful. A 10mm expansion joint is reserved between the sections of the steel frame, filled with asbestos packing, and each section is connected with bolts. The masonry parts of the kiln are all made of high-grade light-weight refractory insulation materials (selection of materials in different sections, and the selection of materials for the kiln lining has good thermal stability and no dirt). Use high-quality refractory materials such as light-weight high-aluminum, poly-light high-aluminum, and light-weight mullite bricks. The exterior wall masonry of the kiln is insulated with aluminum silicate wool board and felt respectively according to the temperature, which not only has good thermal insulation, but also has a long service life and good effect. The exterior temperature of the kiln is also low (≤50℃). The kiln adopts a lightweight flat ceiling structure. The height of the suspended ceiling is set in sections, which can not only meet the safe operation of the product, but also reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower sides. At the same time, this structure is also convenient for the atmosphere adjustment and temperature control in the kiln. The exhaust section and the preheating section adopt cordierite-mullite hollow board, I-bricks combined with fiber cotton structure, the preheating section, high temperature zone and cooling zone ceiling tiles are hung on the kiln body steel through heat-resistant steel plates and hooks Shelf. Each set of ceiling tiles are individually hung in a movable form, which is convenient for the maintenance and replacement of the ceiling. The unique hanging form and the selection of light materials can effectively reduce the weight of the kiln roof and heat storage, thereby saving energy consumption. The tunnel kiln is a modern continuous firing thermal equipment. The tunnel kiln of the Technical Department of Foshan Denike Thermal Energy Technology Co., Ltd. briefly introduces: 1. Improve quality. The temperature of the preheating zone, the firing zone, and the cooling zone is balanced and controlled to maintain a certain range and length. It is easy to grasp the firing law, so the quality is easy to control, the damage rate is very small, and the product qualification rate is high. 2. The tunnel kiln can realize the continuous industrialization of production, with short cycle, large output and high quality. 3. The firing time is shortened, and the finished product can be produced in the tunnel kiln in about 20 hours. 4. The use of kisawa series combustion control system equipment has a high degree of automation and saves labor. The firing of kiln products can be automatically controlled by intelligent instruments and industrial computers, and the operation is simple and convenient. Both the loading and unloading operations are carried out outside the kiln, which is very convenient, improves the working conditions of the operators and reduces the labor intensity. 5. The engineering technology department of Foshan Denike Thermal Energy Co., Ltd. uses the principles of heat balance and fluidics, and adopts the kisawa series of combustion control system equipment to automatically adjust the temperature and pressure of each zone, with high heat utilization rate, high efficiency and energy saving, and intelligent adjustment of heat energy. The full use of the waste heat of the furnace can save about 15-30% of fuel on the basis of the semi-automatically adjusted furnace. 6. Since the temperature in the kiln is fixed and not affected by the rapid heat and cold, the kiln body has a long service life, and it is usually overhauled every 5-7 years. Cordierite kiln furniture is light in weight and low in heat absorption rate, which is beneficial to energy saving. 7. The ceiling is made of flat-topped tunnel kiln. The material of the lining material is generally ceramic fiber. Ceramic fiber as furnace lining material: Refractory ceramic fiber material is a light and efficient thermal insulation material. Compared with traditional thermal insulation materials, it has the following advantages: a. Low bulk density: ceramic fiber lining is better than light-weight thermal insulation bricks The lining is more than 75% lighter, which is 90% to 95% lighter than the lightweight castable lining. If the fiber lining is adopted, the steel structure load of the furnace can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the furnace body can be prolonged. b. Low heat capacity (heat storage): The heat capacity of ceramic fiber is only about 1/10 of that of light-weight heat-resistant lining and light-weight castable lining, and the heat capacity of the lining material is directly proportional to the weight of the lining. The low heat capacity has a very significant energy saving effect on the starting and stopping of the heating furnace. c. Low thermal conductivity: the thermal conductivity of ceramic fiber lining is 1/10 of that of light-weight heat-resistant lining, and the thermal insulation effect is remarkable. d. Simple construction: No expansion joints are required during the construction process, and the construction personnel can start working after basic training. e. Excellent thermal shock and mechanical vibration resistance: The fiber blanket and module are flexible and elastic. The lining of the fiber folded module can be heated or cooled at any fast speed and is not easy to be damaged under the premise that the heated body can withstand it. f. No oven is required: the lining can be put into use after construction, no oven procedure is required. g. Good sound insulation performance: ceramic fiber can reduce high-frequency noise with a frequency less than 1000 Hz. For sound waves less than 300 Hz, its sound insulation ability is better than that of commonly used sound insulation materials, which can significantly reduce noise pollution. h. High heat sensitivity: The heat sensitivity of ceramic fiber lining is much better than that of conventional refractory fiber material lining, and the high heat sensitivity of fiber lining is more suitable for the automatic control of industrial kilns. i. Stable chemical properties: ceramic aluminum silicate fiber is a neutral and partial acidic material, except for the reaction with strong acid and alkali, it is not eroded by other weak acids, alkalis, water, oil, and steam, and it is not infiltrated by lead, aluminum, and copper. j. Wide range of application: With the development of refractory fiber production technology and application technology, the temperature of refractory ceramic fiber products can meet the requirements of different temperature grades from 600°C to 1400°C. From fiber cotton, blankets, felts to fiber modules, boards, special-shaped parts, paper, fiber textiles; from fiber cotton to fiber spray coatings, plastics, castables and other forms of secondary processing or deep processing products, fully satisfy various industries Different industrial furnaces have requirements for the use of refractory ceramic fiber products. The advantages of the comprehensive ceramic fiber lining structure can be seen: ceramic fiber lining has become a trend in the development of furnace linings, representing the level of modern development of industrial furnaces. The use of ceramic fiber lining directly determines the use effect and product quality of the furnace. And yield. Of course, when choosing ceramic fiber lining materials, Foshan Denike Thermal Energy Technology will suggest that you comprehensively consider the requirements of higher furnace temperature, the use of ceramic fiber materials, the operating atmosphere of the furnace, the positive and negative pressure of the furnace gas in the furnace, etc. the elements of. The same kind of ceramic fiber material, due to the different use conditions (furnace heat source type, furnace gas composition and flow rate, furnace operating system), its use temperature is also different. It is also possible to invite relevant technical personnel of Foshan Denike Thermal Energy Technology Co., Ltd. to conduct a site visit and provide the best construction and construction plan for free. We are backed by a professional technical team. One-stop design, construction and production, so you have no worries about the future. The production of ceramic fiber modules adopts mechanical folding and cutting, and the geometric dimensions are accurate; the plastic packaging has a beautiful appearance and effectively protects the surface of the module, and at the same time improves the construction work environment. There are more than 10 types of ceramic fiber module structures such as angle iron type, butterfly type, hanging type, sliding type, herringbone type, bench type, hook type, corner type, etc., which can be based on different furnace types and different application conditions. Provide users with a better module structure. 8. Shuttle kiln series: suitable for small-scale, high-quality and stable products. It is an intermittent kiln with convenient and flexible firing. Used for firing daily-use ceramics, sanitary ceramics, special ceramics, art ceramics and other products. Technical parameters such as furnace specifications are determined according to the customer's product, fuel and configuration. 9. Mesh belt kiln series (not commonly used): The mesh belt kiln is a continuous kiln with heat-resistant stainless steel mesh belt as the transmission carrier. The structure of the kiln is simple, the operation and maintenance are convenient, and the effect of energy saving is good. However, due to the high temperature limit of the heat-resistant stainless steel mesh belt, the mesh belt kiln is suitable for firing products with a higher temperature within 900°C. Can achieve continuous fast burning. 10. Roller hearth kiln series: The roller hearth kiln is a continuous kiln with ceramic or silicon carbide rods as the transmission carrier. With the rapid development of building ceramics in China, roller kilns have been widely used. The roller kiln has a fast firing speed and a large output. The temperature difference of the kiln is small and the energy consumption is low. Easy to realize continuity and automation, it is an ideal firing equipment for a variety of ceramic products. 11. Rotary kiln series (more): In many production industries such as building materials, metallurgy, chemical industry, environmental protection, etc., rotary equipment is widely used to heat solid materials. This type of equipment is called rotary kiln. For powder materials, such as rare earth, submerged arc welding materials, magnesium carbonate powder, alumina powder, etc., the rotary kiln has continuous production and large output. The temperature is uniform, easy to control, and the fuel types are diverse.
